Pharmacology

Pharmacology is a branch of science about medicinal substances, called pharmaceuticals, or simply "drugs". The field encompases drug composition, drug properties, interactions, toxicology, and desirable effects that can be used in therapy of diseases.

Greek : pharmacon - drug, logos - science.

Medication drugs have to be approved by drug regulatory authorities. This field is called regulatory affairs. The International Conference on Harmonisation works in the standardisation for this.

There are various classification systems for medicinal products including ATC classification.

Table of contents

1 Classes of medicinal products 1.1 For the Gastrointestinal Tract 1.2 For the Cardiovascular System 1.3 For the Central Nervous System 1.4 For Pain 1.5 For Musculo-Skeletal Disorders 1.6 For Endocrine problems 1.7 For the Genito-Urinary System 1.8 For Infections and Infestations 1.9 For Immunology 1.10 For Nutrition 1.11 For the Respiratory System 1.12 For the Ear, Nose and Oropharynx 1.13 For the Eye 1.14 For Allergic Disorders 1.15 For the Skin 1.16 For Contraception 1.17 For Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1.18 For Neoplastic disorders 1.19 For diagnostics 1.20 Drugs found to have side effects and no longer used 1.21 Types of Pharmacological Preparations 2 See also

Classes of medicinal products

For the Gastrointestinal Tract

(see also Digestive system) antacid, reflux suppressant, antiflatulent, antidopaminergic, antispasmodic, proton pump inhibitor, H2 antagonists, cytoprotectant, prostaglandin analogue, laxative, antidiarrhoeal, bile acids

For the Cardiovascular System

ACE inhibitor, cardiac glycoside, phosphodiesterase inhibitor, nitrate, antiarrhythmic, beta-receptor blocker, antianginal, diuretic, antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker, alpha blocker, vasodilator, peripheral activator, anticoagulant, heparin, antiplatelet drug, fibrinolytic, haemostatic drug, hypolipidaemic agent, statin.

For the Central Nervous System

hypnotic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, antidepressant (including tricyclic antidepressants), anti-emetic, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic, movement disorder drug, CNS stimulant, barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cyclopyrrolone, dopamine antagonist, antihistamine, anticholinergic, emetic, cannabinoids, 5-HT antagonist, amphetamine, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, lithium salt, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

For Pain

analgesic, antipyretic, migraine treatment drug
NSAIDs, opioid analgesic

For Musculo-Skeletal Disorders

NSAIDs, muscle relaxant, neuromuscular drug
anticholinesterase, COX-2 inhibitor

For Endocrine problems

androgen, antiandrogen, gonadotropin, corticosteroid, growth hormone, insulin, antidiabetic, thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs, calcitonin, diphosponate, vasopressin analogues

For the Genito-Urinary System

antifungal, alkalising agent, quinolones, antibiotic, cholinergic, anticholinergic, anticholinesterase, antispasmodic, 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, selective alpha-1 blocker

For Infections and Infestations

antibiotic, antifungal, antileprotic, antituberculous drug, antimalarial, anthelmintic, amoebicide, antiviral, antiprotozoal

For Immunology

vaccine, immunoglobulin, immunosuppressant, interferon, monoclonal antibody

For Nutrition

tonic, iron preparation, electrolyte, parenteral nutritional supplement, vitamins, anti-obesity drug, anabolic drug, haematopoietic drug, food product drug

For the Respiratory System

bronchodilator, NSAIDs, anti-allergic, antitussive, mucolytic, decongestant
corticosteroid, beta-receptor antagonist, anticholinergic, steroid

For the Ear, Nose and Oropharynx

sympathomimetic, antihistamine, anticholinergic, NSAIDs, steroid, antiseptic, local anesthetic, antifungal, cerumenolytic

For the Eye

anti-infective, topical antibiotic, astringent, NSAIDs, miotics, adrenergic neurone blocker, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, ocular lubricant, mydriatic

For Allergic Disorders

anti-allergic, antihistamine, NSAIDs

For the Skin

emollient, anti-pruritic, antifungal, disinfectant, scabicide, pediculicide, tar products, vitamin A derivatives, vitamin D analogue, keratolytic, abrasive, systemic antibiotic, topical antibiotic, hormones, desloughing agent, exudate absorbant, fibrinolytic, proteolytic, sunscreen, antiperspirant

For Contraception

contraceptive, oral contraceptives, contraceptive devices, spermicide, depot contraceptives

For Obstetrics and Gynaecology

NSAIDs, anticholinergic, haemostatic drug, antifibrinolytic, Hormone Replacement Therapy, bone regulator, beta-receptor agonist, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, LHRH
gamolenic acid, gonadotropin release inhibitor, progestogen, dopamine agonist, oestrogen, prostaglandin, gonadorelin, clomiphene, tamoxifen, Diethylstilbestrol

For Neoplastic disorders

cytotoxic drug, sex hormones, aromatase inhibitor, somatostatin inhibitor, recombinant interleukin, GM-CSF, G-CSF, erythropoietin, IL-11

For diagnostics

contrast media

Drugs found to have side effects and no longer used

Diethylstilbestrol

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Types of Pharmacological Preparations

Pharmaceuticals may be provided in a number of different pharmacology forms. Probably the most familiar are tablets and capsules, colloquially known as "pills". See route of administration.

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See also

antinfective, antiserum, chemist, pharmacist, List of pharmaceutical companies, neuroleptic, doctor´s medical prescription , technology assessment.