This is a list of inventions, listed in chronological order.
Significant inventions not assigned the arch - used extensively by Rome but existing earlier cultivation of lactic acid bacteria, used on milk, vegetables and skin other types of bacteria, for example used for tanning and producing vinegar the pulley the screw soap the stirrup the use of yeast for making wine, beer and bread Significant inventions, arranged in chronological order Note: Dates for inventions are often controversial. Inventions are often invented by several inventors around the same time, or may be invented in an impractical form many years before another inventor improves the invention into a practical form. Where there is ambiguity, the date of the first practical, fielded, version of the invention should be used here. 8th millennium BC Domestication of farm animals (sheep and goats, Persia) cultivation of cereals in Mesopotamia first walled town (Jericho) 7th millennium BC Pottery fabric the wedge use of metal (copper jewelry, Anatolia) 4th millennium BC 33rd century BC cuneiform writing in Sumer wheeled vehicles the potter's wheel the plow 31st century BC hieroglyphics in Egypt 3rd millennium BC ideographic writing in China bronze tents sledges - Scandinavia levers 27th century BC Pyramids in Ancient Egypt. See also Egyptology 23rd century BC clay maps in Babylon 22nd century BC Babylonian calendar modifications to account for the precession of the stars True astrolonomical observation - Mesopotamia Spherical geometry in Babylon 21st century BC Cretan writing 19th century BC Babylonian cuneiform Code of Hammurabi - invention of codified municipal law 18th century BC Linear A - Hagia Triada 16th century BC Phonetic spelling developed by Phoenicians 15th century BC Linear B - mainland Greece or Knossus 10th century BC Rustproof Iron - India 7th century BC Coinage, Discovery of irrational numbers 460s BC First atomic theory - Democritus 410s BC heliocentric solar system with spherical Sun ,Moon, Venus, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn - Philolaus 400s BC Catapults in Syracuse 350s BC rotation of Earth -Hereclides 220s BC measurement of Circumference of the Earth - Eratosthenes Archimedes Specific gravity concept of limit Archimedean solids false attribution of hydraulic screw pump as archimedes screw parabolic mirror Compass - a south pointing spoonlike lodestone in Han dynasty. 150s BC Astrolabe - Hipparchus 100s BC Glass-blowing in Syria 1-99 differential gear (the antikythera mechanism 100-199 105: paper: Ts'ai Lun 200-299 300-399 400-499 500-599 600-699 700-799 700 - Windmills in Persia 800-899 900-999 Gunpowder (in China: some ref says 8th century?) 1000-1099 1045 - Movable type printing by Bi Sheng in China (before Gutenberg) 1050 - Crossbow in France 1100-1099 1200-1299 1249: Gunpowder formula: Roger Bacon 1300-1399 1346: Cannon in wide use 1400-1499 15th century: Rifle 1450: Moveable type in Europe: Johann Gutenberg 1480: Nautical astrolabe: Martin Behaim 1480: Parachute: Leonardo da Vinci 1500-1599 1593: Thermometer: Galileo Galilei 1595: Microscope: Zacharias Janssen 1600-1699 1608: Refracting telescope: Hans Lippershey 1609: Telescope: Galileo Galilei 1611: Telescope: Johannes Kepler 1620: Slide rule: William Oughtred 1642: Adding machine: Blaise Pascal 1643: Barometer: Evangelista Torricelli 1645: Vacuum pump: Otto von Guericke 1657: Pendulum clock: Christiaan Huygens 1700-1799 1705: Engine - steam piston: Thomas Newcomen 1709: Piano: Bartolomeo Cristofori 1710: Thermometer: René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur 1714: Mercury thermometer: Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit 1730: Mariner's quadrant: Thomas Godfrey 1731: Sextant: John Hadley 1733: Flying shuttle: John Kay 1742: Franklin stove: Benjamin Franklin 1750: Flatboat: Jacob Yoder 1752: Lightning rod: Benjamin Franklin 1762: Iron smelting process: Jared Eliot 1767: Spinning Jenny: James Hargreaves 1769: Steam engine: James Watt 1769: Water Frame: Richard Arkwright 1775: Submarine The Turtle: David Bushnell 1777: Card making machine: Oliver Evans 1777: Circular saw: Samuel Miller 1779: Spinning Mule: Samuel Crompton 1785: Power loom: Edmund Cartwright 1785: Automatic flour mill: Oliver Evans 1783: Multitubular boiler engine: John Stevens 1783: Bifocals: Benjamin Franklin 1783: Hot air balloon: Montgolfier brothers 1784: Shrapnel shell: Henry Shrapnel 1785: Parachute: Jean Pierre Blanchard 1787: Non-condensing high pressure Engine: Oliver Evans 1791: Steamboat: John Fitch 1790: Cut and head nail machine: Jacob Perkins 1793: Cotton gin: Eli Whitney 1793: Moldboard plow: Thomas Jefferson 1793: Optical telegraph: Claude Chappe 1797: Cast iron plow: Charles Newbold 1798: Vaccination: Edward Jenner 1799: Seeding machine: Eliakim Spooner 1800-1899 1800s 1800: Electric battery: Alessandro Volta 1802: Screw propeller steamboat Phoenix: John Stevens 1805: Torpedo: Robert Fulton 1805: Refrigerator: Oliver Evans 1807: Steamboat Clermont: Robert Fulton 1808: Band saw: William Newberry 1810s 1811: Gun- Breechloader: Thornton (?) 1814: Steam Locomotive (Blucher): George Stephenson 1816: Miner's safety lampDavy lamp:Humphry Davy 1816: Hand printing press: George Clymer 1816: Metronome: Johann Nepomuk Maelzel (reputed) 1817: Kaleidoscope: David Brewster 1819: Breech loading flintlock: John Hall 1819: Stethoscope: Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec 1820s 1822: Artificial teeth: C.M. Graham 1823: Electromagnet: William Sturgeon 1827: Insulated wire: Joseph Henry 1827: Friction match: John Walker 1826: Photography: Joseph Nicephore Niepce 1826: internal combustion engine: Samuel Morey 1830s 1831: Multiple coil magnet: Joseph Henry 1831: Magnetic acoustic telegraph: Joseph Henry 1831: Reaper: Cyrus McCormick 1834: Electric motor: Thomas Davenport 1835: Photogenic Drawing: William Henry Fox Talbot 1835: Revolver: Samuel Colt 1835: Morse code: Samuel Morse 1836: Improved screw propeller: John Ericsson 1837: Photography: Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre 1837: Steel plow: John Deere 1838: Electric telegraph: Charles Wheatstone 1839: Vulcanization of rubber: Charles Goodyear 1840s 1840: Ship w/subwater machinery Princeton: John Ericsson 1840: artificial fertilizer: Justus von Liebig 1842: Anaesthesia: Crawford Long 1843: Typewriter: Charles Thurber 1844: Telegraph: Samuel Morse 1845: Portland cement: William Aspdin 1845: Double tube tire: Robert Thomson 1846: Sewing machine: Elias Howe 1846: Rotary printing press: Richard M. Hoe 1849: Safety pin: Walter Hunt 1849: Hydraulic turbine: James B. Francis 1850s 1852: Airship: Henri Giffard 1852: Passenger elevator: Elisha Otis 1852: Gyroscope: Léon Foucault 1853: Glider: Sir George Cayley 1855: Bunsen burner: Robert Bunsen 1856: Steel process: Henry Bessemer 1858: Undersea telegraph cable: Fredrick Newton Gisborne 1858: Shoe sole sewing machine: Lyman R. Blake 1858: Mason jar: John Mason 1859: Oil drill: Edwin L. Drake 1860: Linoleum: Fredrick Walton 1860s 1860: Repeating rifle: Oliver F. Winchester, Christopher Spencer 1861: Ironclad USS Monitor: John Ericsson 1861: Furnace for steel: Wilhelm von Siemens 1862: Revolving machine gun: Richard J. Gatling 1862: Submarine: Narcís Monturiol i Estarriol * 1863: Player piano: Henri Fourneaux 1864: Sleeping car: George Pullman 1865: Compression ice machine: Thaddeus Lowe 1866: Dynamite: Alfred Nobel 1867: Practical Typewriter: Christopher L. Sholes 1868: Typewriter: Carlos Glidden, James Densmore and Samuel Soule 1868: Air brake: George Westinghouse 1868: Lawn mower: Hills Budding Ferrabee (???) 1868: Oleomargarine: Mege Mouries 1869: Vacuum cleaner: I.W. McGaffers 1870s 1870: Magic Lantern movie projector: Henry R. Heyl 1870: Stock ticker: Thomas Alva Edison 1871: Cable car on rails: Andrew S. Hallidie 1871: Compressed air rock drill: Simon Ingersoll 1872: Celluloid: John W. Hyatt 1872: Adding machine: Edmund D. Barbour 1874: Electric street car: Stephen Dudle Field 1874: Barbed wire: Joseph Glidden, Jacob Haish 1875: Dynamo: William A. Anthony 1875: Gun- (magazine): B. Hotchkiss 1875: Automobile, experimental: Siegfried Marcus 1876: Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell 1876: Telephone: Elisha Gray 1876: Carpet sweeper: Melville Bissell 1876: Gasoline carburettor: Daimler 1877: Induction motor: Nikola Tesla 1877: Phonograph: Thomas Alva Edison 1877: Electric welding: Elihu Thomson 1878: Cathode ray tube: William Crookes 1878: Transparent film: Eastman Goodwin 1879: Incandescent Light bulb: Thomas Alva Edison 1879: Automobile engine: Karl Benz 1879: Cash register: James Ritty 1879: Automobile (Patent): George B. Seldon ... note did NOT invent auto 1880s 1880: Photophone: Alexander Graham Bell 1880: Roll Film: George Eastman 1880: Safety Razor: Kampfe Brothers 1880: Seismograph: John Milne 1881: Electric welding machine: Elihu Thomson 1882: Electric fan: Schuyler Skatts Wheeler 1882: Electric flat iron: Henry W. Seely 1883: Auto engine - compression ignition: Gottlieb Daimler 1884: Linotype machine: Ottmar Mergenthaler 1884: Fountain pen: Lewis Waterman NB: Did not invent fountain pen, nor even "first practical fountain pen". Started manufacture in 1883, too. 1884: Punched card accounting: Herman Hollerith 1884: Trolley car, (electric): Frank Sprague, Karel Van de Poele 1885: Automobile, differential gear: Karl Benz 1885: Motor cycle: Gottlieb Daimler 1885: Alternating current transformer: William Stanley]] 1886: Gasoline engine: Gottlieb Daimler 1886: Gramophone: Tainter & Bell 1887: Monotype machine: Tolbert Lanston 1887: Record disk: Emile Berliner 1887: Automobile, (gasoline): Gottlieb Daimler 1888: Polyphase AC Electric power system: Nikola Tesla (30 related patents.) 1888: Kodak hand camera: George Eastman 1888: Ballpoint pen: John Loud 1888: Pneumatic tube tire: John Boyd Dunlop 1888: Harvester-thresher: Matteson (?) 1888: Kinematograph: Augustin Le Prince 1889: Automobile, (steam): Sylvester Roper 1890s 1890: Pneumatic Hammer: Charles B. King 1891: Automobile Storage Battery: William Morrison 1891: Zipper: Whitcomb Judson 1891: Carborundum: Edward G. Acheson 1892: Color photography: Frederic E. Ives 1892: Automobile, (electric): William Morrison 1892: Automobile, (gasoline): Duryea Brothers 1892: Automatic telephone exchange (electromechanical): Almon Strowger - First in commercial service. 1893: Photographic gun: E.J. Marcy 1893: Half tone engraving: Frederick Ives 1893: Wireless communication: Nikola Tesla 1895: Phatoptiken projector: Woodville Latham 1895: Phantascope: C. Francis Jenkins 1895: Disposable blades: King C. Gillette 1895: Diesel engine: Rudolf Diesel 1895: Radio signals: Guglielmo Marconi 1896: Vitascope: Thomas Armat 1896: Steam turbine: Charles Curtis 1896: Electric stove: William S. Hadaway 1897: Automobile, magneto: Robert Bosch 1898: Remote control: Nikola Tesla 1899: Automobile self starter: Clyde J. Coleman 1899: Magnetic tape recorder: Valdemar Poulsen 1899: Gas turbine: Charles Curtis 1900-1999 1900s 1900: Rigid dirigible airship: Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin 1901: Improved wireless transmitter: Reginald Fessenden 1901: Mercury vapor lamp: Peter C. Hewitt 1901: paperclip: Johan Vaaler 1902: Radio magnetic detector: Guglielmo Marconi 1902: Radio telephone: Poulsen Reginald Fessenden 1902: Rayon cellulose ester: Arthur D. Little 1903: Electrocardiograph (EKG): Willem Einthoven 1903: Powered Airplane: Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright 1903: Bottle machine: Michael Owens 1904: Thermionic valve: John Ambrose Fleming 1904: Separable Attachment Plug: Harvey Hubbell 1905: Radio tube diode: John Ambrose Fleming 1906: Triode amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio tube triode: Lee DeForest 1907: Vacuum cleaner, (electric): James Spangler 1907: Washer, (electric): Alva Fisher (Hurley Corporation) 1909: Monoplane: Henry W. Walden 1909: Bakelite: Leo Baekeland 1909: Gun silencer: Hiram Maxim 1910s 1911: Gyrocompass: Elmer A. Sperry 1911: Automobile self starter (perfected): Charles F. Kettering 1911: Air conditioner: Willis Haviland Carrier 1911: Cellophane: Jacques Brandenburger 1911: Hydroplane: Glenn Curtiss 1912: Regenerative radio circuit: Edwin H. Armstrong 1913: Improved X-Ray: William D. Coolidge 1913: Double acting wrench: Robert Owen 1913: Cracking process for Gasoline: William M. Burten 1913: Gyroscope stabilizer: Elmer A. Sperry 1913: Geiger counter: Hans Geiger 1913: Radio receiver, cascade tuning: Ernst Alexanderson 1913: Radio receiver, heterodyne: Reginald Fessenden 1914: Radio transmitter triode mod.: Ernst Alexanderson 1914: Liquid fuel rocket: Robert Goddard 1914: Tank, military: Ernest Dunlop Swinton 1915: Filament Tungsten: Irving Langmuir 1915: Searchlight arc: Elmer A. Sperry 1915: Radio tube oscillator: Lee DeForest 1916: Browning Gun: John Browning 1916: Thompson submachine gun: John T. Thompson 1916: Incandescent gas lamp: Irving Langmuir 1917: Sonar echolocation: Paul Langevin 1918: Super heterodyne: Edwin H. Armstrong 1918: Radio crystal oscillator: A.M. Nicolson 1918: Pop-up toaster: Charles Strite 1919: the Theremin: Leon Theremin 1919: First licensed radio station, KDKA, in Pennsylvania, USA 1920s 1922: RADAR: Robert Watson-Watt Taylor Young Breit Tuve 1922: Technicolor: Herbert T. Kalmus 1923: Arc tube: Alexanderson 1923: Sound film: Lee DeForest 1923: Television Electronic: Philo Farnsworth 1923: Wind tunnel: Max Munk 1923: Autogyro: Juan de la Cierva 1925: Theodor Svedberg develops the ultra-centrifuge, thereby revolutionizing the determination of molecular weights 1925: Television Iconoscope: Vladimir Zworykin 1925: Television Nipkow System: C. Francis Jenkins 1925: Telephoto: C. Francis Jenkins 1926: Television Mechanical Scanner: John Logie Baird 1926: Aerosol spray: Rotheim 1927: Mechanical cotton picker: John Rust 1928: sliced bread: Otto Frederick Rohwedder 1928: Radio beacon: Donovan (?) 1928: Electric dry shaver: Jacob Schick 1929: Electroencephelograph (EEG): Hans Berger 1929: Antibiotics 1930s 1930: Neoprene: Wallace Carothers 1930: Nylon: Wallace Carothers 1931: the Radio telescope: Karl Jansky Grote Reber 1932: Polaroid glass: Edwin H. Land 1935: microwave radar: Robert Watson-Watt 1935: Spectrophotometer: Arthur C. Hardy 1935: Casein fiber: Earl Whittier Stephen 1935: Hammond Organ: Laurens Hammond 1937: Jet engine: Frank Whittle Hans von Ohain 1938: Fiberglass: Games Slayter John H. Thomas 1939: FM radio: Edwin H. Armstrong 1939: Helicopter: Igor Sikorsky 1940s 1942: Bazooka Rocket Gun: L. A. Skinner C. N. Hickman 1944: Electron spectrometer: Deutsch Elliot Evans 1944: the digital computer 1945: Nuclear weapons (but note: chain reaction theory: 1933) 1946: microwave oven: Percy Spencer 1947: Transistor: William Shockley, Walter Brattain, John Bardeen 1948: Long Playing Record: Peter Goldmark 1948: Polaroid camera: Edwin Land 1949: Atomic clocks 1950s 1951: Liquid Paper: Bette Nesmith Graham 1952: fusion bomb: Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam 1952: hovercraft: Christopher Cockerell 1953: maser: Charles Townes 1954: transistor radio from Regency TR1 (USA) 1954: first nuclear power reactor 1954: geodesic dome: Buckminster Fuller 1955: Velcro: George de Mestral 1957: Jet Boat: William Hamilton NZ 1958: the Integrated circuit: Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments, Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor 1960s 1960: lasers: Theodore Maiman, at Hughes Aircraft 1962: Communications satellites: Arthur C. Clarke 1960s: Packet switching: Donald Davies and Paul Baran 1965: 8-track tapes 1969: the ARPANET, predecessor of the Internet 1970s 1970: Fiber optics 1971: E-mail: Ray Tomlinson 1971: the Microprocessor 1971: the Pocket calculator 1973: Ethernet: Bob Metcalfe and D. R. Boggs 1977: the personal computer (dated from Commodore PET) 1978: LaserVision releases the laser disc player 1979: the Walkman: Akio Morita, Masaru Ibuka, Kozo Ohsone 1979: the cellular telephone (first commercially fielded version, NTT) 1980s 1981: the Xerox Star is the first computer to feature a WIMP graphical user interface 1982: Sony and Philips release compact discs 1983: the Internet Protocol, which created the Internet as we know it 1985: polymerase chain reaction: Kary Mullis 1985: DNA fingerprinting: Alec Jeffreys 1989: the World Wide Web: Tim Berners-Lee 1990s 1991: the GPL, enabling the free software movement: Richard Stallman 1993: Global Positioning System 1995: wiki software: Ward Cunningham 1996: cloning of mammals: Ian Wilmut and others 1997: DVD Launched in 7 US cities, after the standard was agreed upon after about two years of debate. 1999: Super Audio CD (SACD) and DVD-Audio are released 2000-2099 put significant 21st century inventions here See also Invention List of inventors List of timelines List of technologies Other Technology Timelines Timeline of agriculture and food technology Timeline of clothing and textiles technology Timeline of communication technology Timeline of lighting technology Timeline of low temperature technology Timeline of materials technology Timeline of microscope technology Timeline of motor and engine technology Timeline of photography technology Timeline of rocket and missile technology Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology Timeline of time measurement technology Timeline of transportation technology Timeline of underwater technology
Note: Dates for inventions are often controversial. Inventions are often invented by several inventors around the same time, or may be invented in an impractical form many years before another inventor improves the invention into a practical form. Where there is ambiguity, the date of the first practical, fielded, version of the invention should be used here.
8th millennium BC Domestication of farm animals (sheep and goats, Persia) cultivation of cereals in Mesopotamia first walled town (Jericho) 7th millennium BC Pottery fabric the wedge use of metal (copper jewelry, Anatolia) 4th millennium BC 33rd century BC cuneiform writing in Sumer wheeled vehicles the potter's wheel the plow 31st century BC hieroglyphics in Egypt 3rd millennium BC ideographic writing in China bronze tents sledges - Scandinavia levers 27th century BC Pyramids in Ancient Egypt. See also Egyptology 23rd century BC clay maps in Babylon 22nd century BC Babylonian calendar modifications to account for the precession of the stars True astrolonomical observation - Mesopotamia Spherical geometry in Babylon 21st century BC Cretan writing 19th century BC Babylonian cuneiform Code of Hammurabi - invention of codified municipal law 18th century BC Linear A - Hagia Triada 16th century BC Phonetic spelling developed by Phoenicians 15th century BC Linear B - mainland Greece or Knossus 10th century BC Rustproof Iron - India 7th century BC Coinage, Discovery of irrational numbers 460s BC First atomic theory - Democritus 410s BC heliocentric solar system with spherical Sun ,Moon, Venus, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn - Philolaus 400s BC Catapults in Syracuse 350s BC rotation of Earth -Hereclides 220s BC measurement of Circumference of the Earth - Eratosthenes Archimedes Specific gravity concept of limit Archimedean solids false attribution of hydraulic screw pump as archimedes screw parabolic mirror Compass - a south pointing spoonlike lodestone in Han dynasty. 150s BC Astrolabe - Hipparchus 100s BC Glass-blowing in Syria 1-99 differential gear (the antikythera mechanism 100-199 105: paper: Ts'ai Lun 200-299 300-399 400-499 500-599 600-699 700-799 700 - Windmills in Persia 800-899 900-999 Gunpowder (in China: some ref says 8th century?) 1000-1099 1045 - Movable type printing by Bi Sheng in China (before Gutenberg) 1050 - Crossbow in France 1100-1099 1200-1299 1249: Gunpowder formula: Roger Bacon 1300-1399 1346: Cannon in wide use 1400-1499 15th century: Rifle 1450: Moveable type in Europe: Johann Gutenberg 1480: Nautical astrolabe: Martin Behaim 1480: Parachute: Leonardo da Vinci 1500-1599 1593: Thermometer: Galileo Galilei 1595: Microscope: Zacharias Janssen 1600-1699 1608: Refracting telescope: Hans Lippershey 1609: Telescope: Galileo Galilei 1611: Telescope: Johannes Kepler 1620: Slide rule: William Oughtred 1642: Adding machine: Blaise Pascal 1643: Barometer: Evangelista Torricelli 1645: Vacuum pump: Otto von Guericke 1657: Pendulum clock: Christiaan Huygens 1700-1799 1705: Engine - steam piston: Thomas Newcomen 1709: Piano: Bartolomeo Cristofori 1710: Thermometer: René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur 1714: Mercury thermometer: Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit 1730: Mariner's quadrant: Thomas Godfrey 1731: Sextant: John Hadley 1733: Flying shuttle: John Kay 1742: Franklin stove: Benjamin Franklin 1750: Flatboat: Jacob Yoder 1752: Lightning rod: Benjamin Franklin 1762: Iron smelting process: Jared Eliot 1767: Spinning Jenny: James Hargreaves 1769: Steam engine: James Watt 1769: Water Frame: Richard Arkwright 1775: Submarine The Turtle: David Bushnell 1777: Card making machine: Oliver Evans 1777: Circular saw: Samuel Miller 1779: Spinning Mule: Samuel Crompton 1785: Power loom: Edmund Cartwright 1785: Automatic flour mill: Oliver Evans 1783: Multitubular boiler engine: John Stevens 1783: Bifocals: Benjamin Franklin 1783: Hot air balloon: Montgolfier brothers 1784: Shrapnel shell: Henry Shrapnel 1785: Parachute: Jean Pierre Blanchard 1787: Non-condensing high pressure Engine: Oliver Evans 1791: Steamboat: John Fitch 1790: Cut and head nail machine: Jacob Perkins 1793: Cotton gin: Eli Whitney 1793: Moldboard plow: Thomas Jefferson 1793: Optical telegraph: Claude Chappe 1797: Cast iron plow: Charles Newbold 1798: Vaccination: Edward Jenner 1799: Seeding machine: Eliakim Spooner 1800-1899 1800s 1800: Electric battery: Alessandro Volta 1802: Screw propeller steamboat Phoenix: John Stevens 1805: Torpedo: Robert Fulton 1805: Refrigerator: Oliver Evans 1807: Steamboat Clermont: Robert Fulton 1808: Band saw: William Newberry 1810s 1811: Gun- Breechloader: Thornton (?) 1814: Steam Locomotive (Blucher): George Stephenson 1816: Miner's safety lampDavy lamp:Humphry Davy 1816: Hand printing press: George Clymer 1816: Metronome: Johann Nepomuk Maelzel (reputed) 1817: Kaleidoscope: David Brewster 1819: Breech loading flintlock: John Hall 1819: Stethoscope: Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec 1820s 1822: Artificial teeth: C.M. Graham 1823: Electromagnet: William Sturgeon 1827: Insulated wire: Joseph Henry 1827: Friction match: John Walker 1826: Photography: Joseph Nicephore Niepce 1826: internal combustion engine: Samuel Morey 1830s 1831: Multiple coil magnet: Joseph Henry 1831: Magnetic acoustic telegraph: Joseph Henry 1831: Reaper: Cyrus McCormick 1834: Electric motor: Thomas Davenport 1835: Photogenic Drawing: William Henry Fox Talbot 1835: Revolver: Samuel Colt 1835: Morse code: Samuel Morse 1836: Improved screw propeller: John Ericsson 1837: Photography: Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre 1837: Steel plow: John Deere 1838: Electric telegraph: Charles Wheatstone 1839: Vulcanization of rubber: Charles Goodyear 1840s 1840: Ship w/subwater machinery Princeton: John Ericsson 1840: artificial fertilizer: Justus von Liebig 1842: Anaesthesia: Crawford Long 1843: Typewriter: Charles Thurber 1844: Telegraph: Samuel Morse 1845: Portland cement: William Aspdin 1845: Double tube tire: Robert Thomson 1846: Sewing machine: Elias Howe 1846: Rotary printing press: Richard M. Hoe 1849: Safety pin: Walter Hunt 1849: Hydraulic turbine: James B. Francis 1850s 1852: Airship: Henri Giffard 1852: Passenger elevator: Elisha Otis 1852: Gyroscope: Léon Foucault 1853: Glider: Sir George Cayley 1855: Bunsen burner: Robert Bunsen 1856: Steel process: Henry Bessemer 1858: Undersea telegraph cable: Fredrick Newton Gisborne 1858: Shoe sole sewing machine: Lyman R. Blake 1858: Mason jar: John Mason 1859: Oil drill: Edwin L. Drake 1860: Linoleum: Fredrick Walton 1860s 1860: Repeating rifle: Oliver F. Winchester, Christopher Spencer 1861: Ironclad USS Monitor: John Ericsson 1861: Furnace for steel: Wilhelm von Siemens 1862: Revolving machine gun: Richard J. Gatling 1862: Submarine: Narcís Monturiol i Estarriol * 1863: Player piano: Henri Fourneaux 1864: Sleeping car: George Pullman 1865: Compression ice machine: Thaddeus Lowe 1866: Dynamite: Alfred Nobel 1867: Practical Typewriter: Christopher L. Sholes 1868: Typewriter: Carlos Glidden, James Densmore and Samuel Soule 1868: Air brake: George Westinghouse 1868: Lawn mower: Hills Budding Ferrabee (???) 1868: Oleomargarine: Mege Mouries 1869: Vacuum cleaner: I.W. McGaffers 1870s 1870: Magic Lantern movie projector: Henry R. Heyl 1870: Stock ticker: Thomas Alva Edison 1871: Cable car on rails: Andrew S. Hallidie 1871: Compressed air rock drill: Simon Ingersoll 1872: Celluloid: John W. Hyatt 1872: Adding machine: Edmund D. Barbour 1874: Electric street car: Stephen Dudle Field 1874: Barbed wire: Joseph Glidden, Jacob Haish 1875: Dynamo: William A. Anthony 1875: Gun- (magazine): B. Hotchkiss 1875: Automobile, experimental: Siegfried Marcus 1876: Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell 1876: Telephone: Elisha Gray 1876: Carpet sweeper: Melville Bissell 1876: Gasoline carburettor: Daimler 1877: Induction motor: Nikola Tesla 1877: Phonograph: Thomas Alva Edison 1877: Electric welding: Elihu Thomson 1878: Cathode ray tube: William Crookes 1878: Transparent film: Eastman Goodwin 1879: Incandescent Light bulb: Thomas Alva Edison 1879: Automobile engine: Karl Benz 1879: Cash register: James Ritty 1879: Automobile (Patent): George B. Seldon ... note did NOT invent auto 1880s 1880: Photophone: Alexander Graham Bell 1880: Roll Film: George Eastman 1880: Safety Razor: Kampfe Brothers 1880: Seismograph: John Milne 1881: Electric welding machine: Elihu Thomson 1882: Electric fan: Schuyler Skatts Wheeler 1882: Electric flat iron: Henry W. Seely 1883: Auto engine - compression ignition: Gottlieb Daimler 1884: Linotype machine: Ottmar Mergenthaler 1884: Fountain pen: Lewis Waterman NB: Did not invent fountain pen, nor even "first practical fountain pen". Started manufacture in 1883, too. 1884: Punched card accounting: Herman Hollerith 1884: Trolley car, (electric): Frank Sprague, Karel Van de Poele 1885: Automobile, differential gear: Karl Benz 1885: Motor cycle: Gottlieb Daimler 1885: Alternating current transformer: William Stanley]] 1886: Gasoline engine: Gottlieb Daimler 1886: Gramophone: Tainter & Bell 1887: Monotype machine: Tolbert Lanston 1887: Record disk: Emile Berliner 1887: Automobile, (gasoline): Gottlieb Daimler 1888: Polyphase AC Electric power system: Nikola Tesla (30 related patents.) 1888: Kodak hand camera: George Eastman 1888: Ballpoint pen: John Loud 1888: Pneumatic tube tire: John Boyd Dunlop 1888: Harvester-thresher: Matteson (?) 1888: Kinematograph: Augustin Le Prince 1889: Automobile, (steam): Sylvester Roper 1890s 1890: Pneumatic Hammer: Charles B. King 1891: Automobile Storage Battery: William Morrison 1891: Zipper: Whitcomb Judson 1891: Carborundum: Edward G. Acheson 1892: Color photography: Frederic E. Ives 1892: Automobile, (electric): William Morrison 1892: Automobile, (gasoline): Duryea Brothers 1892: Automatic telephone exchange (electromechanical): Almon Strowger - First in commercial service. 1893: Photographic gun: E.J. Marcy 1893: Half tone engraving: Frederick Ives 1893: Wireless communication: Nikola Tesla 1895: Phatoptiken projector: Woodville Latham 1895: Phantascope: C. Francis Jenkins 1895: Disposable blades: King C. Gillette 1895: Diesel engine: Rudolf Diesel 1895: Radio signals: Guglielmo Marconi 1896: Vitascope: Thomas Armat 1896: Steam turbine: Charles Curtis 1896: Electric stove: William S. Hadaway 1897: Automobile, magneto: Robert Bosch 1898: Remote control: Nikola Tesla 1899: Automobile self starter: Clyde J. Coleman 1899: Magnetic tape recorder: Valdemar Poulsen 1899: Gas turbine: Charles Curtis 1900-1999 1900s 1900: Rigid dirigible airship: Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin 1901: Improved wireless transmitter: Reginald Fessenden 1901: Mercury vapor lamp: Peter C. Hewitt 1901: paperclip: Johan Vaaler 1902: Radio magnetic detector: Guglielmo Marconi 1902: Radio telephone: Poulsen Reginald Fessenden 1902: Rayon cellulose ester: Arthur D. Little 1903: Electrocardiograph (EKG): Willem Einthoven 1903: Powered Airplane: Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright 1903: Bottle machine: Michael Owens 1904: Thermionic valve: John Ambrose Fleming 1904: Separable Attachment Plug: Harvey Hubbell 1905: Radio tube diode: John Ambrose Fleming 1906: Triode amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio tube triode: Lee DeForest 1907: Vacuum cleaner, (electric): James Spangler 1907: Washer, (electric): Alva Fisher (Hurley Corporation) 1909: Monoplane: Henry W. Walden 1909: Bakelite: Leo Baekeland 1909: Gun silencer: Hiram Maxim 1910s 1911: Gyrocompass: Elmer A. Sperry 1911: Automobile self starter (perfected): Charles F. Kettering 1911: Air conditioner: Willis Haviland Carrier 1911: Cellophane: Jacques Brandenburger 1911: Hydroplane: Glenn Curtiss 1912: Regenerative radio circuit: Edwin H. Armstrong 1913: Improved X-Ray: William D. Coolidge 1913: Double acting wrench: Robert Owen 1913: Cracking process for Gasoline: William M. Burten 1913: Gyroscope stabilizer: Elmer A. Sperry 1913: Geiger counter: Hans Geiger 1913: Radio receiver, cascade tuning: Ernst Alexanderson 1913: Radio receiver, heterodyne: Reginald Fessenden 1914: Radio transmitter triode mod.: Ernst Alexanderson 1914: Liquid fuel rocket: Robert Goddard 1914: Tank, military: Ernest Dunlop Swinton 1915: Filament Tungsten: Irving Langmuir 1915: Searchlight arc: Elmer A. Sperry 1915: Radio tube oscillator: Lee DeForest 1916: Browning Gun: John Browning 1916: Thompson submachine gun: John T. Thompson 1916: Incandescent gas lamp: Irving Langmuir 1917: Sonar echolocation: Paul Langevin 1918: Super heterodyne: Edwin H. Armstrong 1918: Radio crystal oscillator: A.M. Nicolson 1918: Pop-up toaster: Charles Strite 1919: the Theremin: Leon Theremin 1919: First licensed radio station, KDKA, in Pennsylvania, USA 1920s 1922: RADAR: Robert Watson-Watt Taylor Young Breit Tuve 1922: Technicolor: Herbert T. Kalmus 1923: Arc tube: Alexanderson 1923: Sound film: Lee DeForest 1923: Television Electronic: Philo Farnsworth 1923: Wind tunnel: Max Munk 1923: Autogyro: Juan de la Cierva 1925: Theodor Svedberg develops the ultra-centrifuge, thereby revolutionizing the determination of molecular weights 1925: Television Iconoscope: Vladimir Zworykin 1925: Television Nipkow System: C. Francis Jenkins 1925: Telephoto: C. Francis Jenkins 1926: Television Mechanical Scanner: John Logie Baird 1926: Aerosol spray: Rotheim 1927: Mechanical cotton picker: John Rust 1928: sliced bread: Otto Frederick Rohwedder 1928: Radio beacon: Donovan (?) 1928: Electric dry shaver: Jacob Schick 1929: Electroencephelograph (EEG): Hans Berger 1929: Antibiotics 1930s 1930: Neoprene: Wallace Carothers 1930: Nylon: Wallace Carothers 1931: the Radio telescope: Karl Jansky Grote Reber 1932: Polaroid glass: Edwin H. Land 1935: microwave radar: Robert Watson-Watt 1935: Spectrophotometer: Arthur C. Hardy 1935: Casein fiber: Earl Whittier Stephen 1935: Hammond Organ: Laurens Hammond 1937: Jet engine: Frank Whittle Hans von Ohain 1938: Fiberglass: Games Slayter John H. Thomas 1939: FM radio: Edwin H. Armstrong 1939: Helicopter: Igor Sikorsky 1940s 1942: Bazooka Rocket Gun: L. A. Skinner C. N. Hickman 1944: Electron spectrometer: Deutsch Elliot Evans 1944: the digital computer 1945: Nuclear weapons (but note: chain reaction theory: 1933) 1946: microwave oven: Percy Spencer 1947: Transistor: William Shockley, Walter Brattain, John Bardeen 1948: Long Playing Record: Peter Goldmark 1948: Polaroid camera: Edwin Land 1949: Atomic clocks 1950s 1951: Liquid Paper: Bette Nesmith Graham 1952: fusion bomb: Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam 1952: hovercraft: Christopher Cockerell 1953: maser: Charles Townes 1954: transistor radio from Regency TR1 (USA) 1954: first nuclear power reactor 1954: geodesic dome: Buckminster Fuller 1955: Velcro: George de Mestral 1957: Jet Boat: William Hamilton NZ 1958: the Integrated circuit: Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments, Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor 1960s 1960: lasers: Theodore Maiman, at Hughes Aircraft 1962: Communications satellites: Arthur C. Clarke 1960s: Packet switching: Donald Davies and Paul Baran 1965: 8-track tapes 1969: the ARPANET, predecessor of the Internet 1970s 1970: Fiber optics 1971: E-mail: Ray Tomlinson 1971: the Microprocessor 1971: the Pocket calculator 1973: Ethernet: Bob Metcalfe and D. R. Boggs 1977: the personal computer (dated from Commodore PET) 1978: LaserVision releases the laser disc player 1979: the Walkman: Akio Morita, Masaru Ibuka, Kozo Ohsone 1979: the cellular telephone (first commercially fielded version, NTT) 1980s 1981: the Xerox Star is the first computer to feature a WIMP graphical user interface 1982: Sony and Philips release compact discs 1983: the Internet Protocol, which created the Internet as we know it 1985: polymerase chain reaction: Kary Mullis 1985: DNA fingerprinting: Alec Jeffreys 1989: the World Wide Web: Tim Berners-Lee 1990s 1991: the GPL, enabling the free software movement: Richard Stallman 1993: Global Positioning System 1995: wiki software: Ward Cunningham 1996: cloning of mammals: Ian Wilmut and others 1997: DVD Launched in 7 US cities, after the standard was agreed upon after about two years of debate. 1999: Super Audio CD (SACD) and DVD-Audio are released 2000-2099 put significant 21st century inventions here See also Invention List of inventors List of timelines List of technologies Other Technology Timelines Timeline of agriculture and food technology Timeline of clothing and textiles technology Timeline of communication technology Timeline of lighting technology Timeline of low temperature technology Timeline of materials technology Timeline of microscope technology Timeline of motor and engine technology Timeline of photography technology Timeline of rocket and missile technology Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology Timeline of time measurement technology Timeline of transportation technology Timeline of underwater technology
33rd century BC cuneiform writing in Sumer wheeled vehicles the potter's wheel the plow 31st century BC hieroglyphics in Egypt 3rd millennium BC ideographic writing in China bronze tents sledges - Scandinavia levers 27th century BC Pyramids in Ancient Egypt. See also Egyptology 23rd century BC clay maps in Babylon 22nd century BC Babylonian calendar modifications to account for the precession of the stars True astrolonomical observation - Mesopotamia Spherical geometry in Babylon 21st century BC Cretan writing 19th century BC Babylonian cuneiform Code of Hammurabi - invention of codified municipal law 18th century BC Linear A - Hagia Triada 16th century BC Phonetic spelling developed by Phoenicians 15th century BC Linear B - mainland Greece or Knossus 10th century BC Rustproof Iron - India 7th century BC Coinage, Discovery of irrational numbers 460s BC First atomic theory - Democritus 410s BC heliocentric solar system with spherical Sun ,Moon, Venus, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn - Philolaus 400s BC Catapults in Syracuse 350s BC rotation of Earth -Hereclides 220s BC measurement of Circumference of the Earth - Eratosthenes Archimedes Specific gravity concept of limit Archimedean solids false attribution of hydraulic screw pump as archimedes screw parabolic mirror Compass - a south pointing spoonlike lodestone in Han dynasty. 150s BC Astrolabe - Hipparchus 100s BC Glass-blowing in Syria 1-99 differential gear (the antikythera mechanism 100-199 105: paper: Ts'ai Lun 200-299 300-399 400-499 500-599 600-699 700-799 700 - Windmills in Persia 800-899 900-999 Gunpowder (in China: some ref says 8th century?) 1000-1099 1045 - Movable type printing by Bi Sheng in China (before Gutenberg) 1050 - Crossbow in France 1100-1099 1200-1299 1249: Gunpowder formula: Roger Bacon 1300-1399 1346: Cannon in wide use 1400-1499 15th century: Rifle 1450: Moveable type in Europe: Johann Gutenberg 1480: Nautical astrolabe: Martin Behaim 1480: Parachute: Leonardo da Vinci 1500-1599 1593: Thermometer: Galileo Galilei 1595: Microscope: Zacharias Janssen 1600-1699 1608: Refracting telescope: Hans Lippershey 1609: Telescope: Galileo Galilei 1611: Telescope: Johannes Kepler 1620: Slide rule: William Oughtred 1642: Adding machine: Blaise Pascal 1643: Barometer: Evangelista Torricelli 1645: Vacuum pump: Otto von Guericke 1657: Pendulum clock: Christiaan Huygens 1700-1799 1705: Engine - steam piston: Thomas Newcomen 1709: Piano: Bartolomeo Cristofori 1710: Thermometer: René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur 1714: Mercury thermometer: Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit 1730: Mariner's quadrant: Thomas Godfrey 1731: Sextant: John Hadley 1733: Flying shuttle: John Kay 1742: Franklin stove: Benjamin Franklin 1750: Flatboat: Jacob Yoder 1752: Lightning rod: Benjamin Franklin 1762: Iron smelting process: Jared Eliot 1767: Spinning Jenny: James Hargreaves 1769: Steam engine: James Watt 1769: Water Frame: Richard Arkwright 1775: Submarine The Turtle: David Bushnell 1777: Card making machine: Oliver Evans 1777: Circular saw: Samuel Miller 1779: Spinning Mule: Samuel Crompton 1785: Power loom: Edmund Cartwright 1785: Automatic flour mill: Oliver Evans 1783: Multitubular boiler engine: John Stevens 1783: Bifocals: Benjamin Franklin 1783: Hot air balloon: Montgolfier brothers 1784: Shrapnel shell: Henry Shrapnel 1785: Parachute: Jean Pierre Blanchard 1787: Non-condensing high pressure Engine: Oliver Evans 1791: Steamboat: John Fitch 1790: Cut and head nail machine: Jacob Perkins 1793: Cotton gin: Eli Whitney 1793: Moldboard plow: Thomas Jefferson 1793: Optical telegraph: Claude Chappe 1797: Cast iron plow: Charles Newbold 1798: Vaccination: Edward Jenner 1799: Seeding machine: Eliakim Spooner 1800-1899 1800s 1800: Electric battery: Alessandro Volta 1802: Screw propeller steamboat Phoenix: John Stevens 1805: Torpedo: Robert Fulton 1805: Refrigerator: Oliver Evans 1807: Steamboat Clermont: Robert Fulton 1808: Band saw: William Newberry 1810s 1811: Gun- Breechloader: Thornton (?) 1814: Steam Locomotive (Blucher): George Stephenson 1816: Miner's safety lampDavy lamp:Humphry Davy 1816: Hand printing press: George Clymer 1816: Metronome: Johann Nepomuk Maelzel (reputed) 1817: Kaleidoscope: David Brewster 1819: Breech loading flintlock: John Hall 1819: Stethoscope: Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec 1820s 1822: Artificial teeth: C.M. Graham 1823: Electromagnet: William Sturgeon 1827: Insulated wire: Joseph Henry 1827: Friction match: John Walker 1826: Photography: Joseph Nicephore Niepce 1826: internal combustion engine: Samuel Morey 1830s 1831: Multiple coil magnet: Joseph Henry 1831: Magnetic acoustic telegraph: Joseph Henry 1831: Reaper: Cyrus McCormick 1834: Electric motor: Thomas Davenport 1835: Photogenic Drawing: William Henry Fox Talbot 1835: Revolver: Samuel Colt 1835: Morse code: Samuel Morse 1836: Improved screw propeller: John Ericsson 1837: Photography: Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre 1837: Steel plow: John Deere 1838: Electric telegraph: Charles Wheatstone 1839: Vulcanization of rubber: Charles Goodyear 1840s 1840: Ship w/subwater machinery Princeton: John Ericsson 1840: artificial fertilizer: Justus von Liebig 1842: Anaesthesia: Crawford Long 1843: Typewriter: Charles Thurber 1844: Telegraph: Samuel Morse 1845: Portland cement: William Aspdin 1845: Double tube tire: Robert Thomson 1846: Sewing machine: Elias Howe 1846: Rotary printing press: Richard M. Hoe 1849: Safety pin: Walter Hunt 1849: Hydraulic turbine: James B. Francis 1850s 1852: Airship: Henri Giffard 1852: Passenger elevator: Elisha Otis 1852: Gyroscope: Léon Foucault 1853: Glider: Sir George Cayley 1855: Bunsen burner: Robert Bunsen 1856: Steel process: Henry Bessemer 1858: Undersea telegraph cable: Fredrick Newton Gisborne 1858: Shoe sole sewing machine: Lyman R. Blake 1858: Mason jar: John Mason 1859: Oil drill: Edwin L. Drake 1860: Linoleum: Fredrick Walton 1860s 1860: Repeating rifle: Oliver F. Winchester, Christopher Spencer 1861: Ironclad USS Monitor: John Ericsson 1861: Furnace for steel: Wilhelm von Siemens 1862: Revolving machine gun: Richard J. Gatling 1862: Submarine: Narcís Monturiol i Estarriol * 1863: Player piano: Henri Fourneaux 1864: Sleeping car: George Pullman 1865: Compression ice machine: Thaddeus Lowe 1866: Dynamite: Alfred Nobel 1867: Practical Typewriter: Christopher L. Sholes 1868: Typewriter: Carlos Glidden, James Densmore and Samuel Soule 1868: Air brake: George Westinghouse 1868: Lawn mower: Hills Budding Ferrabee (???) 1868: Oleomargarine: Mege Mouries 1869: Vacuum cleaner: I.W. McGaffers 1870s 1870: Magic Lantern movie projector: Henry R. Heyl 1870: Stock ticker: Thomas Alva Edison 1871: Cable car on rails: Andrew S. Hallidie 1871: Compressed air rock drill: Simon Ingersoll 1872: Celluloid: John W. Hyatt 1872: Adding machine: Edmund D. Barbour 1874: Electric street car: Stephen Dudle Field 1874: Barbed wire: Joseph Glidden, Jacob Haish 1875: Dynamo: William A. Anthony 1875: Gun- (magazine): B. Hotchkiss 1875: Automobile, experimental: Siegfried Marcus 1876: Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell 1876: Telephone: Elisha Gray 1876: Carpet sweeper: Melville Bissell 1876: Gasoline carburettor: Daimler 1877: Induction motor: Nikola Tesla 1877: Phonograph: Thomas Alva Edison 1877: Electric welding: Elihu Thomson 1878: Cathode ray tube: William Crookes 1878: Transparent film: Eastman Goodwin 1879: Incandescent Light bulb: Thomas Alva Edison 1879: Automobile engine: Karl Benz 1879: Cash register: James Ritty 1879: Automobile (Patent): George B. Seldon ... note did NOT invent auto 1880s 1880: Photophone: Alexander Graham Bell 1880: Roll Film: George Eastman 1880: Safety Razor: Kampfe Brothers 1880: Seismograph: John Milne 1881: Electric welding machine: Elihu Thomson 1882: Electric fan: Schuyler Skatts Wheeler 1882: Electric flat iron: Henry W. Seely 1883: Auto engine - compression ignition: Gottlieb Daimler 1884: Linotype machine: Ottmar Mergenthaler 1884: Fountain pen: Lewis Waterman NB: Did not invent fountain pen, nor even "first practical fountain pen". Started manufacture in 1883, too. 1884: Punched card accounting: Herman Hollerith 1884: Trolley car, (electric): Frank Sprague, Karel Van de Poele 1885: Automobile, differential gear: Karl Benz 1885: Motor cycle: Gottlieb Daimler 1885: Alternating current transformer: William Stanley]] 1886: Gasoline engine: Gottlieb Daimler 1886: Gramophone: Tainter & Bell 1887: Monotype machine: Tolbert Lanston 1887: Record disk: Emile Berliner 1887: Automobile, (gasoline): Gottlieb Daimler 1888: Polyphase AC Electric power system: Nikola Tesla (30 related patents.) 1888: Kodak hand camera: George Eastman 1888: Ballpoint pen: John Loud 1888: Pneumatic tube tire: John Boyd Dunlop 1888: Harvester-thresher: Matteson (?) 1888: Kinematograph: Augustin Le Prince 1889: Automobile, (steam): Sylvester Roper 1890s 1890: Pneumatic Hammer: Charles B. King 1891: Automobile Storage Battery: William Morrison 1891: Zipper: Whitcomb Judson 1891: Carborundum: Edward G. Acheson 1892: Color photography: Frederic E. Ives 1892: Automobile, (electric): William Morrison 1892: Automobile, (gasoline): Duryea Brothers 1892: Automatic telephone exchange (electromechanical): Almon Strowger - First in commercial service. 1893: Photographic gun: E.J. Marcy 1893: Half tone engraving: Frederick Ives 1893: Wireless communication: Nikola Tesla 1895: Phatoptiken projector: Woodville Latham 1895: Phantascope: C. Francis Jenkins 1895: Disposable blades: King C. Gillette 1895: Diesel engine: Rudolf Diesel 1895: Radio signals: Guglielmo Marconi 1896: Vitascope: Thomas Armat 1896: Steam turbine: Charles Curtis 1896: Electric stove: William S. Hadaway 1897: Automobile, magneto: Robert Bosch 1898: Remote control: Nikola Tesla 1899: Automobile self starter: Clyde J. Coleman 1899: Magnetic tape recorder: Valdemar Poulsen 1899: Gas turbine: Charles Curtis 1900-1999 1900s 1900: Rigid dirigible airship: Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin 1901: Improved wireless transmitter: Reginald Fessenden 1901: Mercury vapor lamp: Peter C. Hewitt 1901: paperclip: Johan Vaaler 1902: Radio magnetic detector: Guglielmo Marconi 1902: Radio telephone: Poulsen Reginald Fessenden 1902: Rayon cellulose ester: Arthur D. Little 1903: Electrocardiograph (EKG): Willem Einthoven 1903: Powered Airplane: Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright 1903: Bottle machine: Michael Owens 1904: Thermionic valve: John Ambrose Fleming 1904: Separable Attachment Plug: Harvey Hubbell 1905: Radio tube diode: John Ambrose Fleming 1906: Triode amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio tube triode: Lee DeForest 1907: Vacuum cleaner, (electric): James Spangler 1907: Washer, (electric): Alva Fisher (Hurley Corporation) 1909: Monoplane: Henry W. Walden 1909: Bakelite: Leo Baekeland 1909: Gun silencer: Hiram Maxim 1910s 1911: Gyrocompass: Elmer A. Sperry 1911: Automobile self starter (perfected): Charles F. Kettering 1911: Air conditioner: Willis Haviland Carrier 1911: Cellophane: Jacques Brandenburger 1911: Hydroplane: Glenn Curtiss 1912: Regenerative radio circuit: Edwin H. Armstrong 1913: Improved X-Ray: William D. Coolidge 1913: Double acting wrench: Robert Owen 1913: Cracking process for Gasoline: William M. Burten 1913: Gyroscope stabilizer: Elmer A. Sperry 1913: Geiger counter: Hans Geiger 1913: Radio receiver, cascade tuning: Ernst Alexanderson 1913: Radio receiver, heterodyne: Reginald Fessenden 1914: Radio transmitter triode mod.: Ernst Alexanderson 1914: Liquid fuel rocket: Robert Goddard 1914: Tank, military: Ernest Dunlop Swinton 1915: Filament Tungsten: Irving Langmuir 1915: Searchlight arc: Elmer A. Sperry 1915: Radio tube oscillator: Lee DeForest 1916: Browning Gun: John Browning 1916: Thompson submachine gun: John T. Thompson 1916: Incandescent gas lamp: Irving Langmuir 1917: Sonar echolocation: Paul Langevin 1918: Super heterodyne: Edwin H. Armstrong 1918: Radio crystal oscillator: A.M. Nicolson 1918: Pop-up toaster: Charles Strite 1919: the Theremin: Leon Theremin 1919: First licensed radio station, KDKA, in Pennsylvania, USA 1920s 1922: RADAR: Robert Watson-Watt Taylor Young Breit Tuve 1922: Technicolor: Herbert T. Kalmus 1923: Arc tube: Alexanderson 1923: Sound film: Lee DeForest 1923: Television Electronic: Philo Farnsworth 1923: Wind tunnel: Max Munk 1923: Autogyro: Juan de la Cierva 1925: Theodor Svedberg develops the ultra-centrifuge, thereby revolutionizing the determination of molecular weights 1925: Television Iconoscope: Vladimir Zworykin 1925: Television Nipkow System: C. Francis Jenkins 1925: Telephoto: C. Francis Jenkins 1926: Television Mechanical Scanner: John Logie Baird 1926: Aerosol spray: Rotheim 1927: Mechanical cotton picker: John Rust 1928: sliced bread: Otto Frederick Rohwedder 1928: Radio beacon: Donovan (?) 1928: Electric dry shaver: Jacob Schick 1929: Electroencephelograph (EEG): Hans Berger 1929: Antibiotics 1930s 1930: Neoprene: Wallace Carothers 1930: Nylon: Wallace Carothers 1931: the Radio telescope: Karl Jansky Grote Reber 1932: Polaroid glass: Edwin H. Land 1935: microwave radar: Robert Watson-Watt 1935: Spectrophotometer: Arthur C. Hardy 1935: Casein fiber: Earl Whittier Stephen 1935: Hammond Organ: Laurens Hammond 1937: Jet engine: Frank Whittle Hans von Ohain 1938: Fiberglass: Games Slayter John H. Thomas 1939: FM radio: Edwin H. Armstrong 1939: Helicopter: Igor Sikorsky 1940s 1942: Bazooka Rocket Gun: L. A. Skinner C. N. Hickman 1944: Electron spectrometer: Deutsch Elliot Evans 1944: the digital computer 1945: Nuclear weapons (but note: chain reaction theory: 1933) 1946: microwave oven: Percy Spencer 1947: Transistor: William Shockley, Walter Brattain, John Bardeen 1948: Long Playing Record: Peter Goldmark 1948: Polaroid camera: Edwin Land 1949: Atomic clocks 1950s 1951: Liquid Paper: Bette Nesmith Graham 1952: fusion bomb: Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam 1952: hovercraft: Christopher Cockerell 1953: maser: Charles Townes 1954: transistor radio from Regency TR1 (USA) 1954: first nuclear power reactor 1954: geodesic dome: Buckminster Fuller 1955: Velcro: George de Mestral 1957: Jet Boat: William Hamilton NZ 1958: the Integrated circuit: Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments, Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor 1960s 1960: lasers: Theodore Maiman, at Hughes Aircraft 1962: Communications satellites: Arthur C. Clarke 1960s: Packet switching: Donald Davies and Paul Baran 1965: 8-track tapes 1969: the ARPANET, predecessor of the Internet 1970s 1970: Fiber optics 1971: E-mail: Ray Tomlinson 1971: the Microprocessor 1971: the Pocket calculator 1973: Ethernet: Bob Metcalfe and D. R. Boggs 1977: the personal computer (dated from Commodore PET) 1978: LaserVision releases the laser disc player 1979: the Walkman: Akio Morita, Masaru Ibuka, Kozo Ohsone 1979: the cellular telephone (first commercially fielded version, NTT) 1980s 1981: the Xerox Star is the first computer to feature a WIMP graphical user interface 1982: Sony and Philips release compact discs 1983: the Internet Protocol, which created the Internet as we know it 1985: polymerase chain reaction: Kary Mullis 1985: DNA fingerprinting: Alec Jeffreys 1989: the World Wide Web: Tim Berners-Lee 1990s 1991: the GPL, enabling the free software movement: Richard Stallman 1993: Global Positioning System 1995: wiki software: Ward Cunningham 1996: cloning of mammals: Ian Wilmut and others 1997: DVD Launched in 7 US cities, after the standard was agreed upon after about two years of debate. 1999: Super Audio CD (SACD) and DVD-Audio are released 2000-2099 put significant 21st century inventions here See also Invention List of inventors List of timelines List of technologies Other Technology Timelines Timeline of agriculture and food technology Timeline of clothing and textiles technology Timeline of communication technology Timeline of lighting technology Timeline of low temperature technology Timeline of materials technology Timeline of microscope technology Timeline of motor and engine technology Timeline of photography technology Timeline of rocket and missile technology Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology Timeline of time measurement technology Timeline of transportation technology Timeline of underwater technology
27th century BC Pyramids in Ancient Egypt. See also Egyptology 23rd century BC clay maps in Babylon 22nd century BC Babylonian calendar modifications to account for the precession of the stars True astrolonomical observation - Mesopotamia Spherical geometry in Babylon 21st century BC Cretan writing 19th century BC Babylonian cuneiform Code of Hammurabi - invention of codified municipal law 18th century BC Linear A - Hagia Triada 16th century BC Phonetic spelling developed by Phoenicians 15th century BC Linear B - mainland Greece or Knossus 10th century BC Rustproof Iron - India 7th century BC Coinage, Discovery of irrational numbers 460s BC First atomic theory - Democritus 410s BC heliocentric solar system with spherical Sun ,Moon, Venus, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn - Philolaus 400s BC Catapults in Syracuse 350s BC rotation of Earth -Hereclides 220s BC measurement of Circumference of the Earth - Eratosthenes Archimedes Specific gravity concept of limit Archimedean solids false attribution of hydraulic screw pump as archimedes screw parabolic mirror Compass - a south pointing spoonlike lodestone in Han dynasty. 150s BC Astrolabe - Hipparchus 100s BC Glass-blowing in Syria 1-99 differential gear (the antikythera mechanism 100-199 105: paper: Ts'ai Lun 200-299 300-399 400-499 500-599 600-699 700-799 700 - Windmills in Persia 800-899 900-999 Gunpowder (in China: some ref says 8th century?) 1000-1099 1045 - Movable type printing by Bi Sheng in China (before Gutenberg) 1050 - Crossbow in France 1100-1099 1200-1299 1249: Gunpowder formula: Roger Bacon 1300-1399 1346: Cannon in wide use 1400-1499 15th century: Rifle 1450: Moveable type in Europe: Johann Gutenberg 1480: Nautical astrolabe: Martin Behaim 1480: Parachute: Leonardo da Vinci 1500-1599 1593: Thermometer: Galileo Galilei 1595: Microscope: Zacharias Janssen 1600-1699 1608: Refracting telescope: Hans Lippershey 1609: Telescope: Galileo Galilei 1611: Telescope: Johannes Kepler 1620: Slide rule: William Oughtred 1642: Adding machine: Blaise Pascal 1643: Barometer: Evangelista Torricelli 1645: Vacuum pump: Otto von Guericke 1657: Pendulum clock: Christiaan Huygens 1700-1799 1705: Engine - steam piston: Thomas Newcomen 1709: Piano: Bartolomeo Cristofori 1710: Thermometer: René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur 1714: Mercury thermometer: Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit 1730: Mariner's quadrant: Thomas Godfrey 1731: Sextant: John Hadley 1733: Flying shuttle: John Kay 1742: Franklin stove: Benjamin Franklin 1750: Flatboat: Jacob Yoder 1752: Lightning rod: Benjamin Franklin 1762: Iron smelting process: Jared Eliot 1767: Spinning Jenny: James Hargreaves 1769: Steam engine: James Watt 1769: Water Frame: Richard Arkwright 1775: Submarine The Turtle: David Bushnell 1777: Card making machine: Oliver Evans 1777: Circular saw: Samuel Miller 1779: Spinning Mule: Samuel Crompton 1785: Power loom: Edmund Cartwright 1785: Automatic flour mill: Oliver Evans 1783: Multitubular boiler engine: John Stevens 1783: Bifocals: Benjamin Franklin 1783: Hot air balloon: Montgolfier brothers 1784: Shrapnel shell: Henry Shrapnel 1785: Parachute: Jean Pierre Blanchard 1787: Non-condensing high pressure Engine: Oliver Evans 1791: Steamboat: John Fitch 1790: Cut and head nail machine: Jacob Perkins 1793: Cotton gin: Eli Whitney 1793: Moldboard plow: Thomas Jefferson 1793: Optical telegraph: Claude Chappe 1797: Cast iron plow: Charles Newbold 1798: Vaccination: Edward Jenner 1799: Seeding machine: Eliakim Spooner 1800-1899 1800s 1800: Electric battery: Alessandro Volta 1802: Screw propeller steamboat Phoenix: John Stevens 1805: Torpedo: Robert Fulton 1805: Refrigerator: Oliver Evans 1807: Steamboat Clermont: Robert Fulton 1808: Band saw: William Newberry 1810s 1811: Gun- Breechloader: Thornton (?) 1814: Steam Locomotive (Blucher): George Stephenson 1816: Miner's safety lampDavy lamp:Humphry Davy 1816: Hand printing press: George Clymer 1816: Metronome: Johann Nepomuk Maelzel (reputed) 1817: Kaleidoscope: David Brewster 1819: Breech loading flintlock: John Hall 1819: Stethoscope: Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec 1820s 1822: Artificial teeth: C.M. Graham 1823: Electromagnet: William Sturgeon 1827: Insulated wire: Joseph Henry 1827: Friction match: John Walker 1826: Photography: Joseph Nicephore Niepce 1826: internal combustion engine: Samuel Morey 1830s 1831: Multiple coil magnet: Joseph Henry 1831: Magnetic acoustic telegraph: Joseph Henry 1831: Reaper: Cyrus McCormick 1834: Electric motor: Thomas Davenport 1835: Photogenic Drawing: William Henry Fox Talbot 1835: Revolver: Samuel Colt 1835: Morse code: Samuel Morse 1836: Improved screw propeller: John Ericsson 1837: Photography: Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre 1837: Steel plow: John Deere 1838: Electric telegraph: Charles Wheatstone 1839: Vulcanization of rubber: Charles Goodyear 1840s 1840: Ship w/subwater machinery Princeton: John Ericsson 1840: artificial fertilizer: Justus von Liebig 1842: Anaesthesia: Crawford Long 1843: Typewriter: Charles Thurber 1844: Telegraph: Samuel Morse 1845: Portland cement: William Aspdin 1845: Double tube tire: Robert Thomson 1846: Sewing machine: Elias Howe 1846: Rotary printing press: Richard M. Hoe 1849: Safety pin: Walter Hunt 1849: Hydraulic turbine: James B. Francis 1850s 1852: Airship: Henri Giffard 1852: Passenger elevator: Elisha Otis 1852: Gyroscope: Léon Foucault 1853: Glider: Sir George Cayley 1855: Bunsen burner: Robert Bunsen 1856: Steel process: Henry Bessemer 1858: Undersea telegraph cable: Fredrick Newton Gisborne 1858: Shoe sole sewing machine: Lyman R. Blake 1858: Mason jar: John Mason 1859: Oil drill: Edwin L. Drake 1860: Linoleum: Fredrick Walton 1860s 1860: Repeating rifle: Oliver F. Winchester, Christopher Spencer 1861: Ironclad USS Monitor: John Ericsson 1861: Furnace for steel: Wilhelm von Siemens 1862: Revolving machine gun: Richard J. Gatling 1862: Submarine: Narcís Monturiol i Estarriol * 1863: Player piano: Henri Fourneaux 1864: Sleeping car: George Pullman 1865: Compression ice machine: Thaddeus Lowe 1866: Dynamite: Alfred Nobel 1867: Practical Typewriter: Christopher L. Sholes 1868: Typewriter: Carlos Glidden, James Densmore and Samuel Soule 1868: Air brake: George Westinghouse 1868: Lawn mower: Hills Budding Ferrabee (???) 1868: Oleomargarine: Mege Mouries 1869: Vacuum cleaner: I.W. McGaffers 1870s 1870: Magic Lantern movie projector: Henry R. Heyl 1870: Stock ticker: Thomas Alva Edison 1871: Cable car on rails: Andrew S. Hallidie 1871: Compressed air rock drill: Simon Ingersoll 1872: Celluloid: John W. Hyatt 1872: Adding machine: Edmund D. Barbour 1874: Electric street car: Stephen Dudle Field 1874: Barbed wire: Joseph Glidden, Jacob Haish 1875: Dynamo: William A. Anthony 1875: Gun- (magazine): B. Hotchkiss 1875: Automobile, experimental: Siegfried Marcus 1876: Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell 1876: Telephone: Elisha Gray 1876: Carpet sweeper: Melville Bissell 1876: Gasoline carburettor: Daimler 1877: Induction motor: Nikola Tesla 1877: Phonograph: Thomas Alva Edison 1877: Electric welding: Elihu Thomson 1878: Cathode ray tube: William Crookes 1878: Transparent film: Eastman Goodwin 1879: Incandescent Light bulb: Thomas Alva Edison 1879: Automobile engine: Karl Benz 1879: Cash register: James Ritty 1879: Automobile (Patent): George B. Seldon ... note did NOT invent auto 1880s 1880: Photophone: Alexander Graham Bell 1880: Roll Film: George Eastman 1880: Safety Razor: Kampfe Brothers 1880: Seismograph: John Milne 1881: Electric welding machine: Elihu Thomson 1882: Electric fan: Schuyler Skatts Wheeler 1882: Electric flat iron: Henry W. Seely 1883: Auto engine - compression ignition: Gottlieb Daimler 1884: Linotype machine: Ottmar Mergenthaler 1884: Fountain pen: Lewis Waterman NB: Did not invent fountain pen, nor even "first practical fountain pen". Started manufacture in 1883, too. 1884: Punched card accounting: Herman Hollerith 1884: Trolley car, (electric): Frank Sprague, Karel Van de Poele 1885: Automobile, differential gear: Karl Benz 1885: Motor cycle: Gottlieb Daimler 1885: Alternating current transformer: William Stanley]] 1886: Gasoline engine: Gottlieb Daimler 1886: Gramophone: Tainter & Bell 1887: Monotype machine: Tolbert Lanston 1887: Record disk: Emile Berliner 1887: Automobile, (gasoline): Gottlieb Daimler 1888: Polyphase AC Electric power system: Nikola Tesla (30 related patents.) 1888: Kodak hand camera: George Eastman 1888: Ballpoint pen: John Loud 1888: Pneumatic tube tire: John Boyd Dunlop 1888: Harvester-thresher: Matteson (?) 1888: Kinematograph: Augustin Le Prince 1889: Automobile, (steam): Sylvester Roper 1890s 1890: Pneumatic Hammer: Charles B. King 1891: Automobile Storage Battery: William Morrison 1891: Zipper: Whitcomb Judson 1891: Carborundum: Edward G. Acheson 1892: Color photography: Frederic E. Ives 1892: Automobile, (electric): William Morrison 1892: Automobile, (gasoline): Duryea Brothers 1892: Automatic telephone exchange (electromechanical): Almon Strowger - First in commercial service. 1893: Photographic gun: E.J. Marcy 1893: Half tone engraving: Frederick Ives 1893: Wireless communication: Nikola Tesla 1895: Phatoptiken projector: Woodville Latham 1895: Phantascope: C. Francis Jenkins 1895: Disposable blades: King C. Gillette 1895: Diesel engine: Rudolf Diesel 1895: Radio signals: Guglielmo Marconi 1896: Vitascope: Thomas Armat 1896: Steam turbine: Charles Curtis 1896: Electric stove: William S. Hadaway 1897: Automobile, magneto: Robert Bosch 1898: Remote control: Nikola Tesla 1899: Automobile self starter: Clyde J. Coleman 1899: Magnetic tape recorder: Valdemar Poulsen 1899: Gas turbine: Charles Curtis 1900-1999 1900s 1900: Rigid dirigible airship: Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin 1901: Improved wireless transmitter: Reginald Fessenden 1901: Mercury vapor lamp: Peter C. Hewitt 1901: paperclip: Johan Vaaler 1902: Radio magnetic detector: Guglielmo Marconi 1902: Radio telephone: Poulsen Reginald Fessenden 1902: Rayon cellulose ester: Arthur D. Little 1903: Electrocardiograph (EKG): Willem Einthoven 1903: Powered Airplane: Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright 1903: Bottle machine: Michael Owens 1904: Thermionic valve: John Ambrose Fleming 1904: Separable Attachment Plug: Harvey Hubbell 1905: Radio tube diode: John Ambrose Fleming 1906: Triode amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio tube triode: Lee DeForest 1907: Vacuum cleaner, (electric): James Spangler 1907: Washer, (electric): Alva Fisher (Hurley Corporation) 1909: Monoplane: Henry W. Walden 1909: Bakelite: Leo Baekeland 1909: Gun silencer: Hiram Maxim 1910s 1911: Gyrocompass: Elmer A. Sperry 1911: Automobile self starter (perfected): Charles F. Kettering 1911: Air conditioner: Willis Haviland Carrier 1911: Cellophane: Jacques Brandenburger 1911: Hydroplane: Glenn Curtiss 1912: Regenerative radio circuit: Edwin H. Armstrong 1913: Improved X-Ray: William D. Coolidge 1913: Double acting wrench: Robert Owen 1913: Cracking process for Gasoline: William M. Burten 1913: Gyroscope stabilizer: Elmer A. Sperry 1913: Geiger counter: Hans Geiger 1913: Radio receiver, cascade tuning: Ernst Alexanderson 1913: Radio receiver, heterodyne: Reginald Fessenden 1914: Radio transmitter triode mod.: Ernst Alexanderson 1914: Liquid fuel rocket: Robert Goddard 1914: Tank, military: Ernest Dunlop Swinton 1915: Filament Tungsten: Irving Langmuir 1915: Searchlight arc: Elmer A. Sperry 1915: Radio tube oscillator: Lee DeForest 1916: Browning Gun: John Browning 1916: Thompson submachine gun: John T. Thompson 1916: Incandescent gas lamp: Irving Langmuir 1917: Sonar echolocation: Paul Langevin 1918: Super heterodyne: Edwin H. Armstrong 1918: Radio crystal oscillator: A.M. Nicolson 1918: Pop-up toaster: Charles Strite 1919: the Theremin: Leon Theremin 1919: First licensed radio station, KDKA, in Pennsylvania, USA 1920s 1922: RADAR: Robert Watson-Watt Taylor Young Breit Tuve 1922: Technicolor: Herbert T. Kalmus 1923: Arc tube: Alexanderson 1923: Sound film: Lee DeForest 1923: Television Electronic: Philo Farnsworth 1923: Wind tunnel: Max Munk 1923: Autogyro: Juan de la Cierva 1925: Theodor Svedberg develops the ultra-centrifuge, thereby revolutionizing the determination of molecular weights 1925: Television Iconoscope: Vladimir Zworykin 1925: Television Nipkow System: C. Francis Jenkins 1925: Telephoto: C. Francis Jenkins 1926: Television Mechanical Scanner: John Logie Baird 1926: Aerosol spray: Rotheim 1927: Mechanical cotton picker: John Rust 1928: sliced bread: Otto Frederick Rohwedder 1928: Radio beacon: Donovan (?) 1928: Electric dry shaver: Jacob Schick 1929: Electroencephelograph (EEG): Hans Berger 1929: Antibiotics 1930s 1930: Neoprene: Wallace Carothers 1930: Nylon: Wallace Carothers 1931: the Radio telescope: Karl Jansky Grote Reber 1932: Polaroid glass: Edwin H. Land 1935: microwave radar: Robert Watson-Watt 1935: Spectrophotometer: Arthur C. Hardy 1935: Casein fiber: Earl Whittier Stephen 1935: Hammond Organ: Laurens Hammond 1937: Jet engine: Frank Whittle Hans von Ohain 1938: Fiberglass: Games Slayter John H. Thomas 1939: FM radio: Edwin H. Armstrong 1939: Helicopter: Igor Sikorsky 1940s 1942: Bazooka Rocket Gun: L. A. Skinner C. N. Hickman 1944: Electron spectrometer: Deutsch Elliot Evans 1944: the digital computer 1945: Nuclear weapons (but note: chain reaction theory: 1933) 1946: microwave oven: Percy Spencer 1947: Transistor: William Shockley, Walter Brattain, John Bardeen 1948: Long Playing Record: Peter Goldmark 1948: Polaroid camera: Edwin Land 1949: Atomic clocks 1950s 1951: Liquid Paper: Bette Nesmith Graham 1952: fusion bomb: Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam 1952: hovercraft: Christopher Cockerell 1953: maser: Charles Townes 1954: transistor radio from Regency TR1 (USA) 1954: first nuclear power reactor 1954: geodesic dome: Buckminster Fuller 1955: Velcro: George de Mestral 1957: Jet Boat: William Hamilton NZ 1958: the Integrated circuit: Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments, Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor 1960s 1960: lasers: Theodore Maiman, at Hughes Aircraft 1962: Communications satellites: Arthur C. Clarke 1960s: Packet switching: Donald Davies and Paul Baran 1965: 8-track tapes 1969: the ARPANET, predecessor of the Internet 1970s 1970: Fiber optics 1971: E-mail: Ray Tomlinson 1971: the Microprocessor 1971: the Pocket calculator 1973: Ethernet: Bob Metcalfe and D. R. Boggs 1977: the personal computer (dated from Commodore PET) 1978: LaserVision releases the laser disc player 1979: the Walkman: Akio Morita, Masaru Ibuka, Kozo Ohsone 1979: the cellular telephone (first commercially fielded version, NTT) 1980s 1981: the Xerox Star is the first computer to feature a WIMP graphical user interface 1982: Sony and Philips release compact discs 1983: the Internet Protocol, which created the Internet as we know it 1985: polymerase chain reaction: Kary Mullis 1985: DNA fingerprinting: Alec Jeffreys 1989: the World Wide Web: Tim Berners-Lee 1990s 1991: the GPL, enabling the free software movement: Richard Stallman 1993: Global Positioning System 1995: wiki software: Ward Cunningham 1996: cloning of mammals: Ian Wilmut and others 1997: DVD Launched in 7 US cities, after the standard was agreed upon after about two years of debate. 1999: Super Audio CD (SACD) and DVD-Audio are released 2000-2099 put significant 21st century inventions here See also Invention List of inventors List of timelines List of technologies Other Technology Timelines Timeline of agriculture and food technology Timeline of clothing and textiles technology Timeline of communication technology Timeline of lighting technology Timeline of low temperature technology Timeline of materials technology Timeline of microscope technology Timeline of motor and engine technology Timeline of photography technology Timeline of rocket and missile technology Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology Timeline of time measurement technology Timeline of transportation technology Timeline of underwater technology
1200-1299 1249: Gunpowder formula: Roger Bacon 1300-1399 1346: Cannon in wide use 1400-1499 15th century: Rifle 1450: Moveable type in Europe: Johann Gutenberg 1480: Nautical astrolabe: Martin Behaim 1480: Parachute: Leonardo da Vinci 1500-1599 1593: Thermometer: Galileo Galilei 1595: Microscope: Zacharias Janssen 1600-1699 1608: Refracting telescope: Hans Lippershey 1609: Telescope: Galileo Galilei 1611: Telescope: Johannes Kepler 1620: Slide rule: William Oughtred 1642: Adding machine: Blaise Pascal 1643: Barometer: Evangelista Torricelli 1645: Vacuum pump: Otto von Guericke 1657: Pendulum clock: Christiaan Huygens 1700-1799 1705: Engine - steam piston: Thomas Newcomen 1709: Piano: Bartolomeo Cristofori 1710: Thermometer: René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur 1714: Mercury thermometer: Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit 1730: Mariner's quadrant: Thomas Godfrey 1731: Sextant: John Hadley 1733: Flying shuttle: John Kay 1742: Franklin stove: Benjamin Franklin 1750: Flatboat: Jacob Yoder 1752: Lightning rod: Benjamin Franklin 1762: Iron smelting process: Jared Eliot 1767: Spinning Jenny: James Hargreaves 1769: Steam engine: James Watt 1769: Water Frame: Richard Arkwright 1775: Submarine The Turtle: David Bushnell 1777: Card making machine: Oliver Evans 1777: Circular saw: Samuel Miller 1779: Spinning Mule: Samuel Crompton 1785: Power loom: Edmund Cartwright 1785: Automatic flour mill: Oliver Evans 1783: Multitubular boiler engine: John Stevens 1783: Bifocals: Benjamin Franklin 1783: Hot air balloon: Montgolfier brothers 1784: Shrapnel shell: Henry Shrapnel 1785: Parachute: Jean Pierre Blanchard 1787: Non-condensing high pressure Engine: Oliver Evans 1791: Steamboat: John Fitch 1790: Cut and head nail machine: Jacob Perkins 1793: Cotton gin: Eli Whitney 1793: Moldboard plow: Thomas Jefferson 1793: Optical telegraph: Claude Chappe 1797: Cast iron plow: Charles Newbold 1798: Vaccination: Edward Jenner 1799: Seeding machine: Eliakim Spooner 1800-1899 1800s 1800: Electric battery: Alessandro Volta 1802: Screw propeller steamboat Phoenix: John Stevens 1805: Torpedo: Robert Fulton 1805: Refrigerator: Oliver Evans 1807: Steamboat Clermont: Robert Fulton 1808: Band saw: William Newberry 1810s 1811: Gun- Breechloader: Thornton (?) 1814: Steam Locomotive (Blucher): George Stephenson 1816: Miner's safety lampDavy lamp:Humphry Davy 1816: Hand printing press: George Clymer 1816: Metronome: Johann Nepomuk Maelzel (reputed) 1817: Kaleidoscope: David Brewster 1819: Breech loading flintlock: John Hall 1819: Stethoscope: Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec 1820s 1822: Artificial teeth: C.M. Graham 1823: Electromagnet: William Sturgeon 1827: Insulated wire: Joseph Henry 1827: Friction match: John Walker 1826: Photography: Joseph Nicephore Niepce 1826: internal combustion engine: Samuel Morey 1830s 1831: Multiple coil magnet: Joseph Henry 1831: Magnetic acoustic telegraph: Joseph Henry 1831: Reaper: Cyrus McCormick 1834: Electric motor: Thomas Davenport 1835: Photogenic Drawing: William Henry Fox Talbot 1835: Revolver: Samuel Colt 1835: Morse code: Samuel Morse 1836: Improved screw propeller: John Ericsson 1837: Photography: Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre 1837: Steel plow: John Deere 1838: Electric telegraph: Charles Wheatstone 1839: Vulcanization of rubber: Charles Goodyear 1840s 1840: Ship w/subwater machinery Princeton: John Ericsson 1840: artificial fertilizer: Justus von Liebig 1842: Anaesthesia: Crawford Long 1843: Typewriter: Charles Thurber 1844: Telegraph: Samuel Morse 1845: Portland cement: William Aspdin 1845: Double tube tire: Robert Thomson 1846: Sewing machine: Elias Howe 1846: Rotary printing press: Richard M. Hoe 1849: Safety pin: Walter Hunt 1849: Hydraulic turbine: James B. Francis 1850s 1852: Airship: Henri Giffard 1852: Passenger elevator: Elisha Otis 1852: Gyroscope: Léon Foucault 1853: Glider: Sir George Cayley 1855: Bunsen burner: Robert Bunsen 1856: Steel process: Henry Bessemer 1858: Undersea telegraph cable: Fredrick Newton Gisborne 1858: Shoe sole sewing machine: Lyman R. Blake 1858: Mason jar: John Mason 1859: Oil drill: Edwin L. Drake 1860: Linoleum: Fredrick Walton 1860s 1860: Repeating rifle: Oliver F. Winchester, Christopher Spencer 1861: Ironclad USS Monitor: John Ericsson 1861: Furnace for steel: Wilhelm von Siemens 1862: Revolving machine gun: Richard J. Gatling 1862: Submarine: Narcís Monturiol i Estarriol * 1863: Player piano: Henri Fourneaux 1864: Sleeping car: George Pullman 1865: Compression ice machine: Thaddeus Lowe 1866: Dynamite: Alfred Nobel 1867: Practical Typewriter: Christopher L. Sholes 1868: Typewriter: Carlos Glidden, James Densmore and Samuel Soule 1868: Air brake: George Westinghouse 1868: Lawn mower: Hills Budding Ferrabee (???) 1868: Oleomargarine: Mege Mouries 1869: Vacuum cleaner: I.W. McGaffers 1870s 1870: Magic Lantern movie projector: Henry R. Heyl 1870: Stock ticker: Thomas Alva Edison 1871: Cable car on rails: Andrew S. Hallidie 1871: Compressed air rock drill: Simon Ingersoll 1872: Celluloid: John W. Hyatt 1872: Adding machine: Edmund D. Barbour 1874: Electric street car: Stephen Dudle Field 1874: Barbed wire: Joseph Glidden, Jacob Haish 1875: Dynamo: William A. Anthony 1875: Gun- (magazine): B. Hotchkiss 1875: Automobile, experimental: Siegfried Marcus 1876: Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell 1876: Telephone: Elisha Gray 1876: Carpet sweeper: Melville Bissell 1876: Gasoline carburettor: Daimler 1877: Induction motor: Nikola Tesla 1877: Phonograph: Thomas Alva Edison 1877: Electric welding: Elihu Thomson 1878: Cathode ray tube: William Crookes 1878: Transparent film: Eastman Goodwin 1879: Incandescent Light bulb: Thomas Alva Edison 1879: Automobile engine: Karl Benz 1879: Cash register: James Ritty 1879: Automobile (Patent): George B. Seldon ... note did NOT invent auto 1880s 1880: Photophone: Alexander Graham Bell 1880: Roll Film: George Eastman 1880: Safety Razor: Kampfe Brothers 1880: Seismograph: John Milne 1881: Electric welding machine: Elihu Thomson 1882: Electric fan: Schuyler Skatts Wheeler 1882: Electric flat iron: Henry W. Seely 1883: Auto engine - compression ignition: Gottlieb Daimler 1884: Linotype machine: Ottmar Mergenthaler 1884: Fountain pen: Lewis Waterman NB: Did not invent fountain pen, nor even "first practical fountain pen". Started manufacture in 1883, too. 1884: Punched card accounting: Herman Hollerith 1884: Trolley car, (electric): Frank Sprague, Karel Van de Poele 1885: Automobile, differential gear: Karl Benz 1885: Motor cycle: Gottlieb Daimler 1885: Alternating current transformer: William Stanley]] 1886: Gasoline engine: Gottlieb Daimler 1886: Gramophone: Tainter & Bell 1887: Monotype machine: Tolbert Lanston 1887: Record disk: Emile Berliner 1887: Automobile, (gasoline): Gottlieb Daimler 1888: Polyphase AC Electric power system: Nikola Tesla (30 related patents.) 1888: Kodak hand camera: George Eastman 1888: Ballpoint pen: John Loud 1888: Pneumatic tube tire: John Boyd Dunlop 1888: Harvester-thresher: Matteson (?) 1888: Kinematograph: Augustin Le Prince 1889: Automobile, (steam): Sylvester Roper 1890s 1890: Pneumatic Hammer: Charles B. King 1891: Automobile Storage Battery: William Morrison 1891: Zipper: Whitcomb Judson 1891: Carborundum: Edward G. Acheson 1892: Color photography: Frederic E. Ives 1892: Automobile, (electric): William Morrison 1892: Automobile, (gasoline): Duryea Brothers 1892: Automatic telephone exchange (electromechanical): Almon Strowger - First in commercial service. 1893: Photographic gun: E.J. Marcy 1893: Half tone engraving: Frederick Ives 1893: Wireless communication: Nikola Tesla 1895: Phatoptiken projector: Woodville Latham 1895: Phantascope: C. Francis Jenkins 1895: Disposable blades: King C. Gillette 1895: Diesel engine: Rudolf Diesel 1895: Radio signals: Guglielmo Marconi 1896: Vitascope: Thomas Armat 1896: Steam turbine: Charles Curtis 1896: Electric stove: William S. Hadaway 1897: Automobile, magneto: Robert Bosch 1898: Remote control: Nikola Tesla 1899: Automobile self starter: Clyde J. Coleman 1899: Magnetic tape recorder: Valdemar Poulsen 1899: Gas turbine: Charles Curtis 1900-1999 1900s 1900: Rigid dirigible airship: Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin 1901: Improved wireless transmitter: Reginald Fessenden 1901: Mercury vapor lamp: Peter C. Hewitt 1901: paperclip: Johan Vaaler 1902: Radio magnetic detector: Guglielmo Marconi 1902: Radio telephone: Poulsen Reginald Fessenden 1902: Rayon cellulose ester: Arthur D. Little 1903: Electrocardiograph (EKG): Willem Einthoven 1903: Powered Airplane: Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright 1903: Bottle machine: Michael Owens 1904: Thermionic valve: John Ambrose Fleming 1904: Separable Attachment Plug: Harvey Hubbell 1905: Radio tube diode: John Ambrose Fleming 1906: Triode amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio amplifier: Lee DeForest 1907: Radio tube triode: Lee DeForest 1907: Vacuum cleaner, (electric): James Spangler 1907: Washer, (electric): Alva Fisher (Hurley Corporation) 1909: Monoplane: Henry W. Walden 1909: Bakelite: Leo Baekeland 1909: Gun silencer: Hiram Maxim 1910s 1911: Gyrocompass: Elmer A. Sperry 1911: Automobile self starter (perfected): Charles F. Kettering 1911: Air conditioner: Willis Haviland Carrier 1911: Cellophane: Jacques Brandenburger 1911: Hydroplane: Glenn Curtiss 1912: Regenerative radio circuit: Edwin H. Armstrong 1913: Improved X-Ray: William D. Coolidge 1913: Double acting wrench: Robert Owen 1913: Cracking process for Gasoline: William M. Burten 1913: Gyroscope stabilizer: Elmer A. Sperry 1913: Geiger counter: Hans Geiger 1913: Radio receiver, cascade tuning: Ernst Alexanderson 1913: Radio receiver, heterodyne: Reginald Fessenden 1914: Radio transmitter triode mod.: Ernst Alexanderson 1914: Liquid fuel rocket: Robert Goddard 1914: Tank, military: Ernest Dunlop Swinton 1915: Filament Tungsten: Irving Langmuir 1915: Searchlight arc: Elmer A. Sperry 1915: Radio tube oscillator: Lee DeForest 1916: Browning Gun: John Browning 1916: Thompson submachine gun: John T. Thompson 1916: Incandescent gas lamp: Irving Langmuir 1917: Sonar echolocation: Paul Langevin 1918: Super heterodyne: Edwin H. Armstrong 1918: Radio crystal oscillator: A.M. Nicolson 1918: Pop-up toaster: Charles Strite 1919: the Theremin: Leon Theremin 1919: First licensed radio station, KDKA, in Pennsylvania, USA 1920s 1922: RADAR: Robert Watson-Watt Taylor Young Breit Tuve 1922: Technicolor: Herbert T. Kalmus 1923: Arc tube: Alexanderson 1923: Sound film: Lee DeForest 1923: Television Electronic: Philo Farnsworth 1923: Wind tunnel: Max Munk 1923: Autogyro: Juan de la Cierva 1925: Theodor Svedberg develops the ultra-centrifuge, thereby revolutionizing the determination of molecular weights 1925: Television Iconoscope: Vladimir Zworykin 1925: Television Nipkow System: C. Francis Jenkins 1925: Telephoto: C. Francis Jenkins 1926: Television Mechanical Scanner: John Logie Baird 1926: Aerosol spray: Rotheim 1927: Mechanical cotton picker: John Rust 1928: sliced bread: Otto Frederick Rohwedder 1928: Radio beacon: Donovan (?) 1928: Electric dry shaver: Jacob Schick 1929: Electroencephelograph (EEG): Hans Berger 1929: Antibiotics 1930s 1930: Neoprene: Wallace Carothers 1930: Nylon: Wallace Carothers 1931: the Radio telescope: Karl Jansky Grote Reber 1932: Polaroid glass: Edwin H. Land 1935: microwave radar: Robert Watson-Watt 1935: Spectrophotometer: Arthur C. Hardy 1935: Casein fiber: Earl Whittier Stephen 1935: Hammond Organ: Laurens Hammond 1937: Jet engine: Frank Whittle Hans von Ohain 1938: Fiberglass: Games Slayter John H. Thomas 1939: FM radio: Edwin H. Armstrong 1939: Helicopter: Igor Sikorsky 1940s 1942: Bazooka Rocket Gun: L. A. Skinner C. N. Hickman 1944: Electron spectrometer: Deutsch Elliot Evans 1944: the digital computer 1945: Nuclear weapons (but note: chain reaction theory: 1933) 1946: microwave oven: Percy Spencer 1947: Transistor: William Shockley, Walter Brattain, John Bardeen 1948: Long Playing Record: Peter Goldmark 1948: Polaroid camera: Edwin Land 1949: Atomic clocks 1950s 1951: Liquid Paper: Bette Nesmith Graham 1952: fusion bomb: Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam 1952: hovercraft: Christopher Cockerell 1953: maser: Charles Townes 1954: transistor radio from Regency TR1 (USA) 1954: first nuclear power reactor 1954: geodesic dome: Buckminster Fuller 1955: Velcro: George de Mestral 1957: Jet Boat: William Hamilton NZ 1958: the Integrated circuit: Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments, Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor 1960s 1960: lasers: Theodore Maiman, at Hughes Aircraft 1962: Communications satellites: Arthur C. Clarke 1960s: Packet switching: Donald Davies and Paul Baran 1965: 8-track tapes 1969: the ARPANET, predecessor of the Internet 1970s 1970: Fiber optics 1971: E-mail: Ray Tomlinson 1971: the Microprocessor 1971: the Pocket calculator 1973: Ethernet: Bob Metcalfe and D. R. Boggs 1977: the personal computer (dated from Commodore PET) 1978: LaserVision releases the laser disc player 1979: the Walkman: Akio Morita, Masaru Ibuka, Kozo Ohsone 1979: the cellular telephone (first commercially fielded version, NTT) 1980s 1981: the Xerox Star is the first computer to feature a WIMP graphical user interface 1982: Sony and Philips release compact discs 1983: the Internet Protocol, which created the Internet as we know it 1985: polymerase chain reaction: Kary Mullis 1985: DNA fingerprinting: Alec Jeffreys 1989: the World Wide Web: Tim Berners-Lee 1990s 1991: the GPL, enabling the free software movement: Richard Stallman 1993: Global Positioning System 1995: wiki software: Ward Cunningham 1996: cloning of mammals: Ian Wilmut and others 1997: DVD Launched in 7 US cities, after the standard was agreed upon after about two years of debate. 1999: Super Audio CD (SACD) and DVD-Audio are released 2000-2099 put significant 21st century inventions here See also Invention List of inventors List of timelines List of technologies Other Technology Timelines Timeline of agriculture and food technology Timeline of clothing and textiles technology Timeline of communication technology Timeline of lighting technology Timeline of low temperature technology Timeline of materials technology Timeline of microscope technology Timeline of motor and engine technology Timeline of photography technology Timeline of rocket and missile technology Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology Timeline of time measurement technology Timeline of transportation technology Timeline of underwater technology